TLR4

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. In silico studies have found a particularly strong binding of surface TLR4 with the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This receptor has also been implicated in signal transduction events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in most gram-negative bacteria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with differences in LPS responsiveness, and with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

Description

Toll like receptor 4

Tissue specificity

Low tissue specificity

Subcell location

Golgi apparatus, Plasma membrane

Predicted location

Intracellular, Membrane

Protein family

CD markers
Enzymes
FDA approved drug targets
Human disease related genes
Mapped to neXtProt
Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT
Predicted intracellular proteins
Predicted membrane proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Transporters

Chromosome

9 (117704175 - 117724735)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000136869  (ver. 103.38)

Orthologs

Mouse Tlr4: ENSMUSG00000039005

UniProt

O00206

neXtProt

NX_O00206

Human splice variants
Mouse splice variants

Protein structure