AZIN1

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 1, the first member of this gene family that is ubiquitously expressed, and is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of antizyme inhibitor 1 gene has been associated with increased proliferation, cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. Gene knockout studies showed that homozygous mutant mice lacking functional antizyme inhibitor 1 gene died at birth with abnormal liver morphology. RNA editing of this gene, predominantly in the liver tissue, has been linked to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Description

Antizyme inhibitor 1

Tissue specificity

Low tissue specificity

Subcell location

Vesicles

Predicted location

Intracellular

Protein family

Mapped to neXtProt
Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT
Predicted intracellular proteins

Chromosome

8 (102826308 - 102893864)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000155096  (ver. 103.38)

Orthologs

Mouse Azin1: ENSMUSG00000037458

UniProt

O14977

neXtProt

NX_O14977

Human splice variants
Mouse splice variants

Protein structure