OAZ3

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by regulating intracellular polyamine levels. Expression of antizymes requires +1 ribosomal frameshifting, which is enhanced by high levels of polyamines. Antizymes in turn bind to and inhibit ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis; thus, completing the auto-regulatory circuit. This gene encodes antizyme 3, the third member of the antizyme family. Like antizymes 1 and 2, antizyme 3 inhibits ODC activity and polyamine uptake; however, it does not stimulate ODC degradation. Also, while antizymes 1 and 2 have broad tissue distribution, expression of antizyme 3 is restricted to haploid germ cells in testis, suggesting a distinct role for this antizyme in spermiogenesis. Antizyme 3 gene knockout studies showed that homozygous mutant male mice were infertile, and indicated the likely role of this antizyme in the formation of a rigid connection between the sperm head and tail during spermatogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms, including one resulting from the use of non-AUG (CUG) translation initiation codon, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

Description

Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3

Tissue specificity

Tissue enriched (testis)

Subcell location

Nucleoplasm

Predicted location

Intracellular

Protein family

Mapped to neXtProt
Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT
Predicted intracellular proteins

Chromosome

1 (151762899 - 151771334)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000143450  (ver. 103.38)

Orthologs

Mouse Oaz3: ENSMUSG00000028141

UniProt

Q9UMX2

neXtProt

NX_Q9UMX2

Human splice variants
Mouse splice variants

Protein structure