CTSS

The preproprotein encoded by this gene, a member of the peptidase C1 family, is a lysosomal cysteine proteinase that participates in the degradation of antigenic proteins to peptides for presentation on MHC class II molecules. The mature protein cleaves the invariant chain of MHC class II molecules in endolysosomal compartments and enables the formation of antigen-MHC class II complexes and the proper display of extracellular antigenic peptides by MHC-II. The mature protein also functions as an elastase over a broad pH range. When secreted from cells, this protein can remodel components of the extracellular matrix such as elastin, collagen, and fibronectin. This gene is implicated in the pathology of many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and, given its elastase activity, plays a significant role in some pulmonary diseases. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

Description

Cathepsin S

Tissue specificity

Tissue enhanced (bone marrow, lymphoid tissue)

Subcell location

Vesicles

Predicted location

Intracellular

Protein family

Enzymes
Mapped to neXtProt
Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT
Metabolic proteins
Plasma proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)

Chromosome

1 (150730079 - 150765957)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000163131  (ver. 103.38)

Orthologs

Mouse Ctss: ENSMUSG00000038642

UniProt

P25774

neXtProt

NX_P25774

Human splice variants
Mouse splice variants

Protein structure