DIO1

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. It catalyzes the activation, as well as the inactivation of thyroid hormone by outer and inner ring deiodination, respectively. The activation reaction involves the conversion of the prohormone thyroxine (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine, T4), secreted by the thyroid gland, to the bioactive thyroid hormone (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, T3) by 5'-deiodination. This protein provides most of the circulating T3, which is essential for growth, differentiation and basal metabolism in vertebrates. This protein is a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2018]

Description

Iodothyronine deiodinase 1

Tissue specificity

Group enriched (kidney, liver, thyroid gland)

Predicted location

Intracellular, Membrane

Protein family

Enzymes
Mapped to neXtProt
Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Predicted membrane proteins
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)

Chromosome

1 (53891239 - 53911086)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000211452  (ver. 103.38)

Orthologs

Mouse Dio1: ENSMUSG00000034785

UniProt

P49895

neXtProt

NX_P49895

Human splice variants
Mouse splice variants

Protein structure